When I was a graduate student in Computer Science at Stanford, I spent a lot
of time struggling over whether I wanted to pursue a career in academia or the
software industry. I was torn because academia seemed like a place where you
could pursue great ideas and research without concern for market acceptance or
financial viability. That, of course, was also precisely academia's problem.
The things you did in academia often never saw the light of day in the "real
world" and were relegated to a library shelf (or, these days, a server)
somewhere. On the flip side, the software industry never seemed to tackle the
"big" technical problems of society because the market wasn't there, or at least
not readily apparent.
I was reminded of this conflict a few months ago when I attended Stanford's 4th Annual Media X Conference, which is a conference that brings together researchers and professors
from across the University with representatives from industry. The idea is to
promote discussion and collaboration, with the hope that corporations adopt
and/or collaborate on research projects underway at the university.
Conceivably, industry could even "charter" research projects that the faculty
would carry out on their behalf.
This is an interesting idea, and I'm certainly rooting for its success,
especially because a friend of mine, Ellen Levy, runs the Media X program. But,
as I sat through the rapid-fire presentations of the professors, and talked with
them during the breakout sessions, I couldn't help but think this idea is
destined to fail. Unless the university (and all universities) change one fatal
flaw in their approach to solving big problems: collaboration. Where people
inside corporations--at least well-run ones--tend to have one common goal (the
short and long-term success of the corporation), people inside of research
universities all have individual goals: the success of their individual research
so that they can get funding to do more research, get their books published, and
build up their personal academic "brand." Please don't get me wrong--I'm not suggesting in any way that the
motivation of academic researchers is disingenuine or selfish. Almost universally, academics have chosen their craft because they are trying to contribute to the great body of social knowledge in a
pure form. However, they mostly seem to be living on individual islands, and are at pains
to point out why what they are doing is different from what all of their
colleagues are doing. This simply is not a good way to make great progress. If
there are two smart people working on a problem, I believe they will always
solve it better if they work together. Three is even better than two. Now
there may be some limit (five or ten?) but these people need to be peers, able
to challenge each others' ideas
My mother and my twin brother (and several close friends) are research professors at
major universities, so you'd think I'd be headed for an earful from them all after this post. However, I think they all agree with my aha moment, as they have all expressed simimlar frustrations with academia. Now, there are plenty of problems with the way the private sector solves big problems--namely, that they define "big" by the market size instead of the severity to society (think global warming, poverty, illiteracy, etc.). That's why we need academia to be effective at solving these big problems. Programs like MediaX do a service to the private sector by teaching us what's happening in the research labs of America's finest universities. But they could learn something from the private sector as well, namely that it's hard to turn a theory into a world-changing technology or product without an environment that better rewards team thinking and behavior. More focus on the problem, less on the problem solver.
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